Computing paradigm
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A computing paradigm is a rough categorisation of programming languages based on how their syntax describes the handling of data. The most common computing paradigms are the imperative paradigm, in which numbers are explicitly manipulated, and the functional paradigm, in which all actions are completed by function being defined that return other functions.
The imperative paradigm is the most common, and is represented by the C family of languages, as well as BASIC.
The functional paradigm is usually represented by the LISP family of languages, and particularly Scheme.
There are also languages that take on aspects of both of these.
See also: Programming paradigm