Charles Schenck
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Charles Schenck, a former General Secretary of the Socialist Party USA, is notable for his involvement in the 1919 court case Schenck v. United States.
Schenck had been indicted and tried for distributing 15,000 subversive leaflets to prospective military draftees. The leaflets urged the potential draftees to refuse to serve if drafted, on the grounds that it constituted "involuntary servitude," which is prohibited by the 13th Amendment. The federal government's position was that Schenck's actions violated the Espionage Act.
Schenck was convicted, but appealed to the United States Supreme Court. However, the Court upheld Schenck's conviction.