By-product
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A by-product is a secondary or incidental product deriving from a manufacturing process or chemical reaction, and is not the primary product or service being produced. A by-product can be useful and marketable, or it can have severe ecological consequences.
Major by-products
- asphalt - from the refining of crude oil
- corn stover - residual plant matter after harvesting of grain
- acidulated soap stock - from the refining of edible oil
- meat and bone meal - from the rendering of animal bones and offal
- glycerol - from the production of biodiesel
- lanolin - from the cleaning of wool
- chrome shavings - from a stage of leather manufacture
- slag - from ore refining
- feathers - from poultry processing
- whey - from cheese manufacturing
- manure - from livestock husbandry
- molasses - from sugar refining
- dried blood and blood meal - from slaughterhouse operations
- dried distiller's grains - from ethanol fermentation
- sawdust - from lumber mills
- rice hulls -
- poultry litter - swept from the floors of chicken coops
- Gypsum - from flue gas desulfurisation