British VIII Corps
|
|
The British VIII Corps was an army corps formation that existed during World War I and World War II.
World War I
The VIII Corps was first formed at Gallipoli during World War I. The main British battle front was at Cape Helles on the tip of the Gallipoli peninsula. As the battle became protracted, more British division arrived as reinforcements. In May 1915, these divisions were arranged as the British Army Corps which was then redesignated as the VIII Corps in June. The corps commander was Lieutenant General Aylmer Hunter-Weston. When Hunter-Weston relinquished command due to illness, the corps was commanded by General Francis Davies.
During the Gallipoli campaign, the corps contained the following units:
- 29th Division - (moved to IX Corps at Suvla in August)
- 42nd (East Lancashire) Division
- 52nd (Lowland) Division
- Royal Naval Division
- 29th Indian Brigade - (moved to ANZAC in August)
After the evacuation of Gallipoli, the corps was reformed in France in March 1916, once again under the command of Hunter-Weston. It participated in the Battle of the Somme. The corps was disbanded in June 1918 when Hunter-Weston moved to the XVIII Corps but this corps was then redesignated as the VIII Corps in July 1918.
World War II
VIII Corps fought on the western front in 1944 and 1945 as part of Second Army.