- A black panther is a big cat (of any species, but most commonly a jaguar or a leopard) whose coloration is entirely black.
- A Black Panther is a member of the Black Panther Party, a revolutionary Black nationalist organization in the United States formed during the 1960s.
- A Black Panther is a member of a group of Israeli Sephardic Jews inspired by the Black Panther Party in the United States. See also Haredi Judaism.
- Black Panther is a comic book superhero in the Marvel Comics universe, and a member of The Avengers.
- The Black Panther is the nickname for the British criminal and murderer Donald Neilson.
- The Black Panther was an underground newspaper.