Archbishopric of Salzburg
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The Archbishopric of Salzburg was an ecclesiastical state of the Holy Roman Empire, consisting of roughly of the present-day state of Salzburg in Austria. It is the ancient Roman city of Iuvavum. When the Romans withdrew in Noricum, in the face of babarian invasion, the abbot-bishop St. Maximus, who was a disciple of St. Severin, was martyred. Soon after the bishopric was abandoned and was only restored when St. Ruprecht (called the Apostle of Bavaria and Carinthia) came to the region (the date of reestablishement is disputed: some say as soon as the Franks took over the region from the Bavarians in 698 or an earlier date of c. 543). The bishopric became an archbishopric in 798. From 1213 the archbishops assumed the title Prince representing their gain in secular power and territory.
After the Protestant Reformation resulting in the secularization of the Archbishoprics of Bremen and Magdeburg, the Archbishop of Salzburg and the Archbishop of Besançon (whose territorial holdings were minuscule) were the only remaining Archbishops of the Holy Roman Empire who were not also electors.
The most famous Archbishop was probably the last with princely authority, Hieronymus von Colloredo, who was an early patron of Salzburg native Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
In 1803, the Archbishopric was secularized and made an Electorate for the former Grand Duke Ferdinand III of Tuscany (brother of Emperor Francis II), who had lost his throne. The territory was annexed to Austria in 1806, then to Bavaria in 1809, and finally returned to Austria at the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
The Archbishop of Salzburg also bears the title "Primas Germaniae" (which means "First [Bishop] of the Germans"). The powers of this title - which are in no way jurisdictional - are limited to being the pope's first correspondent in the German-speaking world.
Bishops of Salzburg
Abbot-Bishops of Iuvavum c. 300's-c. 482
- St. Maximus d. 476
Abandoned after c. 482
Bishops of Iuvavum (from 755, Salzburg), c. 543-798 (following the earlier date)
- St. Ruprecht c. 543-?
- Vitalis
- Erkenfried
- Ansologus
- Ottokar
- Flobrigis
- Johann I
- St. Virgilius c. 745-c. 784
Bishops of Iuvavum (from 755, Salzburg), c. 698-798 (following the latter date)
- 01 St. Ruprecht c. 698-c. 718
- 02 Johann I?
- 03 St. Virgilius c. 767-c. 784
Archbishops of Salzburg
Archbishops of Salzburg, 798-1213
- 04 Arno 784-821 (first archbishop, 798)
- 05 Adalram 821-836
- 06 Leutram 836-859
- 07 Adalwin 859-873
- 08 Adalbert I 873
- 09 Dietmar I 873-907
- 10 Pilgrim I 907-923
- 11 Adalbert II 923-935
- 12 Egilholf 935-939
- 13 Herhold 939-958
- 14 Friedrich I 958-991
- 15 Hartwig 991-1023
- 16 Günther 1024-1025
- 17 Dietmar II 1025-1041
- 18 Baldwin 1041-1060
- 19 Gebhard 1060-1088
- 20 Thimo 1090-1101
- 21 Konrad I von Abensberg 1106-1147
- 22 Eberhard I von Hilpolstein-Biburg 1147-1164
- 23 Konrad II of Austria 1164-1168
- 24 Adalbert III of Bohemia 1168-1177
- 25 Konrad III von Wittelsbach 1177-1183
- 26 Adalbert III of Bohemia (restored) 1183-1200
Prince-Archbishops of Salzburg, 1213-1803
- 27 Eberhard II von Truchsees 1200-1246
- 28 Bernhard I von Ziegenhain 1247
- 29 Philipp of Carinthia 1247-1256
- 30 Ulrich von Sekau 1256-1265
- 31 Ladislas of Silesia-Liegnitz 1265-1270
- 32 Friedrich II von Walchen 1270-1284
- 33 Rudolf von Hoheneck 1284-1290
- 34 Konrad IV von Breitenfurt 1291-1312
- 35 Weichard von Pollheim 1312-1315
- 36 Friedrich III von Liebnitz 1315-1338
- 37 Heinrich Pyrnbrunner 1338-1343
- 38 Ordulf von Wiesseneck 1343-1365
- 39 Pilgrim II von Pucheim 1365-1396
- 40 Gregor Schenk von Osterwitz 1396-1403
- 41 Eberhard III von Neuhaus 1403-1427
- 42 Eberhard IV von Starhemberg 1427-1429
- 43 Johann II von Reichensperg 1429-1441
- 44 Friedrich IV Truchsees von Emmerberg 1441-1452
- 45 Sigismund I von Volkersdorf 1452-1461
- 46 Burchard von Weissbruch 1461-1466
- 47 Bernhard II von Rohr 1466-1482
- 48 Bernhard III Peckenschlager 1482-1489
- 49 Friedrich V von Schallenburg 1489-1494
- 50 Sigismund II 1494-1495
- 51 Leonard von Keutschach 1495-1519
- 52 Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg 1519-1540
- 53 Ernest of Bavaria 1540-1554
- 54 Michael von Khuenburg 1554-1560
- 55 Johann Jakob Khun von Bellasy 1560-1586
- 56 Georg von Khuenburg 1586-1587
- 57 Wolfgang Dietrich von Rattenau 1587-1612
- 58 Marcus Sittich von Hohenems 1612-1619
- 59 Paris von Lobron 1619-1653
- 60 Guidobald von Thun 1654-1668
- 61 Maximilian Gandalf von Khuenburg 1668-1687
- 62 Johann Ernst von Thun 1687-1709
- 63 Franz Anton von Harrach 1709-1727
- 64 Leopold Anton von Firmian 1727-1744
- 65 Jakob Ernst von Liechtenstein-Castelcorno 1744-1747
- 66 Adnreas Jakob von Dietrichstein 1747-1753
- 67 Sigismund III von Schrattenbach 1753-1771
- 68 Hieronymus von Colloredo 1772-1812 (last prince-archbishop, lost temoral power in 1803 after secularization)
Modern Archbishops of Salzburg 1803-present
- 69 Sigmund Christoph Graf von Zeil und Trauchburg 1812-1814
- 70 Augustin Johann Joseph Gruber 1823-1835
- 71 Friedrich Johann Joseph Cölestin Fürst zu von Schwarzenberg 1835-1849
- 72 Maximilian Joseph von Tarnóczy 1850-1876
- 73 Franz de Paula Albert Eder 1876-1890
- 74 Johann Evangelist Haller 1890-1900
- 75 Johannes Baptist Katschthaler 1900-1914
- 76 Balthasar Kaltner 1914-1918
- 77 Ignaz Rieder 1918-1934
- 78 Sigismund Waitz 1934-1941
- 79 Andreas Rohracher 1943-1969
- 80 Eduard Macheiner 1969-1972
- 81 Karl Berg 1972-1988
- 82 Georg Eder 1988-2002
- 83 Alois Kothgasser 2002-present
External link
- Catholic encyclopedia: (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13411b.htm) Salzburgde:Erzbischof von Salzburg