Adjunct
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The following is about the linguistics term; adjunct is also a term used in the brewing of beer.
In linguistics, an adjunct is a type of adverbial illustrating the circumstances of the action expressed by the sentence it appears in. It expresses such relations as time, manner, place, frequency, reason and degree - i.e. it answers the questions: where, when, how and why - and is typically described as a semantically integrated element of the sentence. For example:
I saw her yesterday. (time adjunct)
He spoke calmly. (manner adjunct)
It's near Boston. (place adjunct)
She would often sing in the shower. (frequency adjunct)
I get the front seat, because I called it. (adjunct of reason)
You are very dumb. (adjunct of degree)
See also