Volvox

Volvox
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Chlorophyta Class: Chlorophyceae Order: Volvocales Family: Volvocaceae Genus: Volvox
Species
V. aureus Ehrenberg V. carteri Stein = V. nagariensis Lyengar V. globactor Linnaeus emend. Ehrenberg V. dissipatrix (Shaw) Printz V. tertius Meyer

Volvox is one of the best known genera of green algae, and is the culmination of the evolution of spherical colonies. Each Volvox is composed of on the order of a thousand cells, each a biflagellate similar to Chlamydomonas, interconnected and arranged in a hollow sphere, with a distinct anterior and posterior. Asexual colonies consist of somatic or vegetative cells, which do not reproduce, and gonidia, which reproduce, reproduction being a process of longitudinal division. Sexual or oogamous colonies contain, as well as somatic cells, ova (non-motile female cells) or spermatozoa (small, motile male cells) or a mixture of the two. These cells, near the back of the colony, develop into new colonies, initially with the flagella directed inwards and held within the parent. Eventually the parent bursts and the daughter colonies evert.

Volvox is found in ponds and ditches, and even in shallow puddles. The most favorable place to look for it is in the deeper ponds, lagoons, and ditches which receive an abundance of rain water. It has been claimed that where you find Lemna, you are likely to find Volvox; and it is true that such water is favorable, but the shading is unfavorable. Look where you find Sphagnum, Vaucheria, Alisma, Equisetum fluviatile, Utricularia, Typha, and Chara, Dr. Nieuwland reports that Pandorina, Eudorina and Gonium are commonly found in summer as constituents of the green scum on wallows in fields where pigs are kept. The flagellate, Euglena, is often associated with these forms. If you have a culture in the laboratory, do not throw it out when the culture disappears, because new coenobia are likely to develop from the oospores.

 

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