Tughra
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Animation showing the structure of the Tughra of Mahmud II
A tughra (طغراء) is a Turkish paisley-like calligraphic seal or signature used at the beginning of sultans' decrees.
These colorful emblems incorporated the ruler's name and title in intricate vegetal inscriptions designed by neshanis, or court calligraphers. Parallel to the European signet, tughras often appeared on coins and stamps of the Ottoman Empire.
See also: Arabic calligraphy