Terminology
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Terminology is the set of all the terms related to a given subject field or discipline. For more information on the this sense of the word terminology, see the article entitled Technical terminology.
Terminology is a discipline whose object is the systematic study of the labelling or designating of concepts particular to one or more subject fields or domains of human activity, through research and analysis of terms in context, for the purpose of documenting and promoting correct usage.
This study can be limited to one language or can cover more than one language at the same time (multilingual terminology, bilingual terminology, and so forth).
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Overview
The discipline of terminology is based on its own theoretical principles and consists primarily of the following aspects:
- analysing the concepts and concept structures used in a field or domain of activity
- identifying the terms assigned to the concepts
- in the case of bilingual or multilingual terminology, establishing correspondences between terms in the various languages
- compiling the terminology, on paper or in databases
- managing terminology data bases
- creating new terms, as required
Types of terminology
A distinction is made between two types of terminology:
- Ad hoc terminology, which deals with a single term or a limited number of terms
- Systematic terminology, which deals with all the terms in a specific subject field or domain of activity
Ad hoc terminology is prevalent in the translation profession, where a translation for a specific term (or group of terms) is required quickly to solve a particular translation problem.
Terminology as a discipline
As a discipline, terminology is related to translation alongside which it is often taught in universities and translation schools. Large translation departments and translation bureaus will often have a terminology section, or will require translators to do terminology research.