Talk:Jingoism

Good page

Good work all. I'd nominate it as a featured article, but I think they'd want it longer. Anyways I am impressed by the neutrality. Being rather a Jingoist myself, I find it fair and balanced ;) Sam [Spade (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Sam_Spade&action=edit&section=new)] 02:36, 29 May 2004 (UTC)

Notes on Hofstader's Manifest Destiny and the Phillipines

-US took Philippines Islands as by-product of Spanish American War -Philippines crisis part of war crisis part of"psychic crisis of 1890's" -Psychic crisis caused largely by great depression that started in 1893 and was still occurring -Depression alone would not cause such a crisis: -Populist movement (the free-silver agitation) campaign of 1890 was a radical movement caused by the depression and caused a "drastic social convulsion" -Maturation and bureaucratization of American business, the completion of its essential industrial plant, and the development of trusts on a scale that made it seem like the current era of economic opportunity was ending -The continent was filling up and the frontier line was [seemingly] gone -To people of 1890's, it seemed resources previously available were used up -Things looked bad to middle class citizens brought up thinking in terms of 19th century economics -Farmers had "gone mad over silver and Bryan" -Workers were stirring in bloody struggles (i.e. strikes) -Supply of new land seemed to be gone -Trusts threatened spirit of business enterprise -Civic corruption was high in cities -Huge numbers of immigrants formed slums -New tendencies in public thought fell into two basic moods -Intensification of protest and humanitarian reform -Populism, Utopianism, Christian Social gospel, the growing intellectual interest in Socialism, and protest in the realistic novel all express this mood. JUSTIN JUSTIN ? McKinley had said the he might be "obliged" to go to war as soon as he entered the presidency, and had expressed a preference that the Cuban crisis be settled between his election andinauguration. ? Wanted to have victory under his belt for next election ? Newspapers sympathized with Cubans and hated Spain -Propaganda aided in changing American public while viewing the Cuban situation--Spain portrayed as waging heartless and inhuman war, Cubans as the victims of this war -Sectional and political elements most enthusiastic about war--Bryan sections of the country, in the Democratic party, patrons of yellow journals -some thought people wanted a costly war in Cuba so we could return to free silver, press said those who did not support it were heartless -economic motives made by both sides -war was an outlet for aggressive impulses but also an idealistic and humanitarian crusade -American public did not want material gains in Cuba, nor did they think war would go to Philippines--yet war soon had imperialistic motives Movement for Imperialism ? Made up of mostly a small group of politicians, intellectuals & publicists ? Most of men in imperial movement were well-off financially ? Committed to expansion ? Wanted imperialism for fear of US losing militarily ? Strategic places were necessary for the US military ? Acquire naval basses in the Caribbean and the Pacific ? Annexation of Canada ? Interested in far east for trade investments ? Roosevelt responsible for the US entering into the Philippines ? 1st attempt at Philippines was a defensive action- protected the west coast from Spain ? The last step taken in controlling the Philippines was having the US military invade the rest of the Philippines from their stronghold of Manila ? Public opinion of the Filipino's attacking the Americans forced Congress to be biased in making a decision to go to war ? Business man began to side w/ the expansionist movement - Protestant clergy--seeking potential enlargement of missionaries - Business---Philippines become a possible gateway 2 markets of East Asia - 4 ways to fix Philippine problem o 1. Return islands to Spain o 2. Sell/alienate Philippines 2 another power (invited European war) o 3. America could leave the Philippines, giving independence 2 Aguinaldo's men o 4. American "colony" - Could be considered as a naval base - American public is not informed about Philippines o Literary Digest (leading Republican paper) writes about expansion o President McKinley: wanted public sentiment o Peace Commission negotiating treaty in Paris (asked 4 all Philippine Islands) - 2 Phases of Debates of Philippines o 1st-Decemner 1898 o 2nd ?February 1899

   -American policy toward the Philippines becomes matter of general pubic discussion

- Republicans were for expansion - Democrats were against expansion - America is geographically divided o South has a strong liking toward expansion - Decision for expansion is made by Theodore Roosevelt - Americans are divided in making a choice. -reasons for taking Philippines: -potential markets, White Man's Burden, struggle for existence, racial destiny, traditions of Expansion, dangers of war if left to Europeans, incapacity of Filopinos for self-gov't. -Duty and Destiny -to reject annexation = would be 2 fail fulfilling an obligation -expansion was inevitable and irresistable -God made whites organizers to establish systems where there was chaos

- Americans believed that the theme of destiny was similar to the theme of duty - Destiny always arrived and was believed to be in the "inexorable logic of events" - People believed that expansion had long been familiar to Americans - Albert Weinberg said that American expansion took on a new meaning in the nineties - Previously, when we "willed" expansion, nobody could resist us at all - During the nineties it was evident that Americans could not resist expansion themselves - President McKinley said that Duty determines Destiny - Duty meant that we had a moral obligation and destiny meant that we would certainly fulfill it - It is not surpising that the public was familiar with the concept of inevitable destiny when the United States involved itself with the fate of the Philippines - Senator Lodge wrote to Teddy Roosevelt saying that "the whole policy of annexation is growing rapidly under the irrestible pressure of events" - It was evident that the idea of destin was effective even on people that had grave doubts about the United States' occupation in the Philippines - Not only were high moral and metaphysical concepts employed in the imperialistic argument - Our right to hold the Philippines was the right of the conquerors -American imperialism in the 1890s should not be interpreted in terms of rational economic motives -Markets and investments were factors but not the only ones -The ideal of the war being a "newspaper's war" has some point but does not explain the war -The press is not powerful enough to impose a view on the public -Newspapers must work with preexisting predispositions -Not all newspapers were yellow journals -Newspapers themselves could not create public opinion -Newspapers decided they could increase sales by exploiting jingo sentiment -Newspapers cannot turn opinion into action -Complex political interests created action -Public opinion was affected by the depression, the closing of the frontier, trusts, and social conflict, and the defeat of Bryan -Statesmen ant publishers were worried by the growing imperialism of Russia, Germany, and Japan -Expansionists were upper middle-class conservative reformist -Psychological people tend to respond to frustration with aggression -Underdogs were more anxious for war with Spain than the upper class -Conservatives were indifferent so Cuban freedom but interested in Filipino markets -Anti-expansionists considered imperialism a betrayal of American ideals -Anti-imperialist did not have numbers, morale, or unity -No effort has been made to compare the war with other parallel expansion crises -Parallels can be found in other nation's histories in the role of the press in starting foreign crisis -Historians should study how our behavior compared -business--gigantic markets of East never materialized, value of Philippines is arguable--absorb only a little over one percent of all US investments abroad -1907--Philippines were strategical for the war b/c of positioning

The above text, posted by User:172.137.61.197 without explanation, was obviously pasted from some other work. (Non-Wiki formatting with special characters and truncated lines give it away.) This may be a copyright violation. — Jeff Q 08:05, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I think he was taking notes on something and put those notes here fore some reason [Dwarf Kirlston] 15 Feb Middayish.