Talk:Fern
From Academic Kids
The image is perfectly good, but there are still serious problems with the way the servers handle replacement images. I will reload this image later if it does not clear up - Marshman 04:54, 21 Feb 2004 (UTC)
I think is good add the fossil register in the article: 
How I can do the upload? -
Aurélio A. Heckert 12:42, 15 Jan 2005
Phylogenetic relationships
A classification of the ferns based on DNA analysis (see Hasebe et. al."Fern Phylogeny based on rbcL Nucleotide Sequences", American Fern Journal 85(4) (1995) 134-181) might look somewhat like the following:
- Division Pteridophyta
- Class Marattiopsida
- Order Marattiales
- Order Christenseniales
- Class Pteridopsida, Leptosporangiate ferns
- Subclass Osmundopsida
- Order Osmundales (the flowering ferns)
- Family Osmundaceae
- Order Osmundales (the flowering ferns)
- Subclass Gleicheniopsida
- Order Gleicheniales (the forked ferns)
- Family Gleicheniaceae (the filmy ferns)
- Family Cheiropleuriaceae
- Family Dipteridaceae
- Family Matoniaceae
- Order Hymenophyllales
- Family Hymenophyllaceae
- Order Hymenophyllopsidales
- Family Hymenophyllopsidaceae
- Order Gleicheniales (the forked ferns)
- Subclass Pteridopsida
- Order Schizeales
- Family Schizeaceae
- Order Marsileales (Hydropteridales)
- Family Marsileaceae
- Family Azollaceae
- Family Salviniaceae
- Order Cyatheales (the tree ferns)
- Family Cyatheaceae
- Family Dicksoniaceae
- Family Lophosoriaceae
- Family Loxomataceae
- Family Metaxyaceae
- Family Plagiogyriaceae
- Order Orthiopterales
- Family Orthiopteraceae (Dennstaedtiaceae Group 4, Orthiopteris)
- Order Lindsaeales
- Family Lindsaeaceae (Dennstaedtiaceae Group 3, Lindsaea and Sphenomeris)
- Family Lonchitaceae (Dennstaedtiaceae Group 2, Lonchitis)
- Order Pteridales (incl. Pteridaceae and Vittariaceae)
- Pteridales Family 1: Onychium, Platyzoma, Pteris, Taenitis
- Pteridales Family 2: Acrostichum, Ceratopteris
- Pteridales Family 3: Argyrochosma, Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Pellaea
- Pteridales Family 4: Coniogramme
- Pteridales Family 5: Adiantum and the Vittariaceae
- Order Dennstaedtiales
- Family Dennstaedtiaceae (Dennstaedtiaceae Group 1, Blotiella, Dennstaedtia, Histopteris, Hypolepis, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium)
- Family Monachosoraceae
- Order Polypodiales
- Family Aspleniaceae
- Family Blechnaceae
- Family Davalliaceae
- Family Dryopteridaceae (polyphyletic family)
- Family Grammitidaceae
- Family Lomariopsidaceae
- Family Nephrolepidaceae
- Family Pleursoriopsidaceae
- Family Olandraceae
- Family Polypodiaceae
- Family Theypteridaceae
- Order Schizeales
- Subclass Osmundopsida
- Class Marattiopsida
Families Hymenophyllopsidaceae and Lophosoriaceae were not sequenced in the study, and are placed above based on morphogenic relationships identified by others. The study found families Dennstaedtiaceae, Pteridaceae, and Dryopteridaceae to be polyphyletic. The families in Order Polypodiales could probably be grouped into monophyletic suborders. Tom Radulovich 07:04, 19 May 2004 (UTC)
