Railway Nationalization Act
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The Railway Nationalization Act (鉄道国有法 Tetsudô Kokuyû-hô, Law No. 17 of 1906) brought many of Japan's private railway lines under national control. The Diet of Japan promulgated the Act on March 31, 1906: it was repealed by Article 110 the Japan National Railway Reform Act of 1988, which formed the modern JR consortium.
Between 1906 and 1907, 2,812 miles of track were purchased from seventeen private railway companies. The national railway network grew to about 4,400 miles of track, and private railways were relegated to providing local and regional services.