Periodic table (Chinese)
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Below is a periodic table using Chinese characters as symbols for chemical elements. Most of those symbols have been created in the 19th and 20th centuries for the specific purpose of representing chemical elements.
Chinese is the only language that uses characters instead of the usual one or two letter abbreviations for elements. These characters specially-invented for the periodic table are not used in Japan or Korea even though the Japanese and Korean languages also use Chinese characters.
In reference to their usual states at room temperature and standard pressure, all symbols for metals (except Hg) contain the radical 钅 or 金 jīn ("gold"); for solid nonmetals 石 shí ("stone"); for liquid elements 水 shuǐ ("water"); and for gases 气 qì ("steam").
Most elements have the same name in Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese but use a different variant of the same base character. The exceptions are the transuranium elements; as most of these elements were discovered after the establishment of People's Republic of China in 1949, they have been given different names in Traditional and Simplified Chinese as the former is still used in the Republic of China while the latter has been adopted by the People's Republic of China.
Traditional characters for elements with atomic numbers 104 and above were only added in Unicode 3.1 (2001) as surrogate pairs that are part of the CJK Ideographs Extension B character set; many operating systems and web browsers do not support the display of surrogate pair characters. They are thus displayed twice in the traditional characters table below, as both the surrogate pair characters themselves and as combinations of phonetic components. Simplified characters for elements 104 and above have not been encoded as of Unicode 4.1 (2005) and are thus given only as combinations of phonetic components in the simplified characters table below.
| Contents |
Legend
| Alkali metals | Alkaline earths | Lanthanide | Actinides | Transition metals |
| Poor metals | Metalloids | Nonmetals | Halogens | Noble gases |
Color coding for atomic numbers:
- Elements numbered in blue are liquids at room temperature;
- those in green are gases at room temperature;
- those in black are solid at room temperature;
- those in red are synthetic and do not occur naturally (all are solid at room temperature).
- those in gray have not yet been discovered (they also have muted fill colors indicating the likely chemical series they would fall under).
Simplified Chinese
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||
| 1 | 1 H 氢 |
2 He 氦 |
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| 2 | 3 Li 锂 |
4 Be 铍 |
5 B 硼 |
6 C 碳 |
7 N 氮 |
8 O 氧 |
9 F 氟 |
10 Ne 氖 |
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| 3 | 11 Na 钠 |
12 Mg 镁 |
13 Al 铝 |
14 Si 硅 |
15 P 磷 |
16 S 硫 |
17 Cl 氯 |
18 Ar 氩 |
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| 4 | 19 K 钾 |
20 Ca 钙 |
21 Sc 钪 |
22 Ti 钛 |
23 V 钒 |
24 Cr 铬 |
25 Mn 锰 |
26 Fe 铁 |
27 Co 钴 |
28 Ni 镍 |
29 Cu 铜 |
30 Zn 锌 |
31 Ga 镓 |
32 Ge 锗 |
33 As 砷 |
34 Se 硒 |
35 Br 溴 |
36 Kr 氪 |
|
| 5 | 37 Rb 铷 |
38 Sr 锶 |
39 Y 钇 |
40 Zr 锆 |
41 Nb 铌 |
42 Mo 钼 |
43 Tc 锝 |
44 Ru 钌 |
45 Rh 铑 |
46 Pd 钯 |
47 Ag 银 |
48 Cd 镉 |
49 In 铟 |
50 Sn 锡 |
51 Sb 锑 |
52 Te 碲 |
53 I 碘 |
54 Xe 氙 |
|
| 6 | 55 Cs 铯 |
56 Ba 钡 |
镧 系 |
71 Lu 镥 |
72 Hf 铪 |
73 Ta 钽 |
74 W 钨 |
75 Re 铼 |
76 Os 锇 |
77 Ir 铱 |
78 Pt 铂 |
79 Au 金 |
80 Hg 汞 |
81 Tl 铊 |
82 Pb 铅 |
83 Bi 铋 |
84 Po 钋 |
85 At 砹 |
86 Rn 氡 |
| 7 | 87 Fr 钫 |
88 Ra 镭 |
锕 系 |
103 Lr 铹 |
104 Rf 钅户 |
105 Db 钅杜 |
106 Sg 钅喜 |
107 Bh 钅波 |
108 Hs 钅黑 |
109 Mt 钅麦 |
110 Ds 钅达 |
111 Rg |
112 Uub |
113 Uut |
114 Uuq |
115 Uup |
116 Uuh |
117 Uus |
118 Uuo |
| 镧系元素 | 57 La 镧 |
58 Ce 铈 |
59 Pr 镨 |
60 Nd 钕 |
61 Pm 钷 |
62 Sm 钐 |
63 Eu 铕 |
64 Gd 钆 |
65 Tb 铽 |
66 Dy 镝 |
67 Ho 钬 |
68 Er 铒 |
69 Tm 铥 |
70 Yb 镱 |
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| 锕系元素 | 89 Ac 锕 |
90 Th 钍 |
91 Pa 镤 |
92 U 铀 |
93 Np 镎 |
94 Pu 钚 |
95 Am 镅 |
96 Cm 锔 |
97 Bk 锫 |
98 Cf 锎 |
99 Es 锿 |
100 Fm 镄 |
101 Md 钔 |
102 No 锘 |
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Traditional Chinese
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||
| 1 | 1 H 氫 |
2 He 氦 |
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| 2 | 3 Li 鋰 |
4 Be 鈹 |
5 B 硼 |
6 C 碳 |
7 N 氮 |
8 O 氧 |
9 F 氟 |
10 Ne 氖 |
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| 3 | 11 Na 鈉 |
12 Mg 鎂 |
13 Al 鋁 |
14 Si 矽 |
15 P 磷 |
16 S 硫 |
17 Cl 氯 |
18 Ar 氬 |
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| 4 | 19 K 鉀 |
20 Ca 鈣 |
21 Sc 鈧 |
22 Ti 鈦 |
23 V 釩 |
24 Cr 鉻 |
25 Mn 錳 |
26 Fe 鐵 |
27 Co 鈷 |
28 Ni 鎳 |
29 Cu 銅 |
30 Zn 鋅 |
31 Ga 鎵 |
32 Ge 鍺 |
33 As 砷 |
34 Se 硒 |
35 Br 溴 |
36 Kr 氪 |
|
| 5 | 37 Rb 銣 |
38 Sr 鍶 |
39 Y 釔 |
40 Zr 鋯 |
41 Nb 鈮 |
42 Mo 鉬 |
43 Tc 鎝 |
44 Ru 釕 |
45 Rh 銠 |
46 Pd 鈀 |
47 Ag 銀 |
48 Cd 鎘 |
49 In 銦 |
50 Sn 錫 |
51 Sb 銻 |
52 Te 碲 |
53 I 碘 |
54 Xe 氙 |
|
| 6 | 55 Cs 銫 |
56 Ba 鋇 |
鑭 系 |
71 Lu 鎦 |
72 Hf 鉿 |
73 Ta 鉭 |
74 W 鎢 |
75 Re 錸 |
76 Os 鋨 |
77 Ir 銥 |
78 Pt 鉑 |
79 Au 金 |
80 Hg 汞 |
81 Tl 鉈 |
82 Pb 鉛 |
83 Bi 鉍 |
84 Po 釙 |
85 At 砈 |
86 Rn 氡 |
| 7 | 87 Fr 鍅 |
88 Ra 鐳 |
錒 系 |
103 Lr 鐒 |
104 Rf 鑪 |
105 Db 金杜 𨧀 |
106 Sg 金喜 𨭎 |
107 Bh 金波 𨨏 |
108 Hs 金黑 𨭆 |
109 Mt 金麥 䥑 |
110 Ds 鐽 |
111 Rg |
112 Uub |
113 Uut |
114 Uuq |
115 Uup |
116 Uuh |
117 Uus |
118 Uuo |
| Lanthanides
鑭系元素 |
57 La 鑭 |
58 Ce 鈰 |
59 Pr 鐠 |
60 Nd 釹 |
61 Pm 鉕 |
62 Sm 釤 |
63 Eu 銪 |
64 Gd 釓 |
65 Tb 鋱 |
66 Dy 鏑 |
67 Ho 鈥 |
68 Er 鉺 |
69 Tm 銩 |
70 Yb 鐿 |
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| Actinides
錒系元素 |
89 Ac 錒 |
90 Th 釷 |
91 Pa 鏷 |
92 U 鈾 |
93 Np 錼 |
94 Pu 鈽 |
95 Am 鋂 |
96 Cm 鋦 |
97 Bk 鉳 |
98 Cf 鉲 |
99 Es 鑀 |
100 Fm 鐨 |
101 Md 鍆 |
102 No 鍩 |
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See also
External links
- http://www.limestone.on.ca/ibuild/davies/chinesept.html - periodic table in Simplified Chinese
- http://www.jergym.hiedu.cz/~canovm/vyhledav/varian20/cina.html - periodic table in Traditional Chinesezh:元素周期表