North Umpqua River
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The North Umpqua River is a tributary of the Umpqua River, approximately 100 mi (161 km) long, in southwestern Oregon in the United States. It drains a scenic and rugged area of the Cascade Range southwest of Eugene, flowing through steep canyons and surrounding by large Douglas-fir forests. Renowned for its emerald green waters, it is considered one of the best fly fishing streams in the Northwest for anadromous fish.
Description
It rises in the high Cascades, issuing from Maidu Lake at elevation 5980 ft (1823 m) in the Mount Thielsen Wilderness, along the Douglas-Klamath county line approximately 70 mi (112 km) east of Roseburg. It follows a serpentine course down from the Cascades, westward along the southern side of the Calapooya Mountains. Its upper course passes through the Umpqua National Forest, past Toketee Falls and Steamboat, where it receives Steamboat Creek from the north. It receives the Little River from the south at Glide and joins the South Umpqua from the east approximately 5 mi (8 km) northwest of Roseburg to form the Umpqua.
It is impounded in its upper reaches in the Cascades to form Lemola Lake for hydroelectricity. It is also impounded for hydroelectricity at Soda Springs Dam, forming a small reservoir on the upper river.
The river is a popular destination for fly fishing and is renowned for emerald green waters and its summer steelhead activity, as well as for its salmon runs. Its summer steelhead fishery is considered one of the best on the West Coast. Moreover, the river is known for its high concentration of native steelhead relative to the fishery stock. It is also a popular but challenging destination for whitewater rafting.
The river's reputation as a world-class steelhead stream and its famous emerald waters are a result of the fact the river source is high enough in the Cascades to derive from snowmelt during the entire year. The melting snow is trapped in volcanic soil and pumice and released during the summer months, providing an even cool-temperature flow. During the summer the flow of the river is approximately 20 times that of the nearby South Umpqua, which does not rise from snowmelt. In its lower reaches, the river's flow becomes increasingly erratic, in a manner typical of mountain streams of the region.
The region around the river has long been a timber-producing area. Starting in 1955, the watershed of the river was extensively clear cut, a practice which continued until 1969 when forestry management practices were changed. During this period many tributary streambeds were used as impromptu logging roads. The recovery of the river from these practices has been closely monitored by state and federal agencies.
In 1988 the United States Congress designated approximately 33 mi (53 km) of the river downstream from the Soda Springs Powerhouse as the North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River as part of the National Wild and Scenic River program.
External links
- North Umpqua Hydroelectric Project (http://www.triangleassociates.com/umpqua/map.html)
- NPS: North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River (http://www.nps.gov/rivers/wsr-umpqua-north.html)
- BLM: North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River (http://www.or.blm.gov/roseburg/Rec/nuws.html)
- NOAA: Environmental Summary of the Umpqua Basin (http://www.nwfsc.noaa.gov/publications/techmemos/TM15/environment.html)