Menin Gate
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Missing image Menin_Gate.jpeg The Menin Gate |
Missing image Menin_Gate_names.jpeg A few of the names of the missing |
The Menin Gate Memorial at the eastern exit of the town of Ieper (usually known in English as "Ypres") in Flanders, Belgium, marks the starting point for one of the main roads out of the town that led Allied soldiers to the front line during World War I. Designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield and built by the British government, the Menin Gate Memorial opened on July 24, 1927 as a monument dedicated to the missing British and Commonwealth soldiers who were killed in the fierce battles around the Ypres Salient area who have no known grave.
The "Gate" was merely the gap in the city's star-shaped fortifications designed by Louis XIV's engineer Vauban, which were pointless in the age of shelling: Ypres was reduced to rubble.
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Reginald Blomfield's triumphal arch (photograph, right), designed in 1921, is the entry to the barrel-vaulted passage for traffic through the mausoleum that honors the Missing, who have no known graves. The patient lion on the top is the lion of Britain but also the lion of Flanders. Its large "Hall of Memory" contains the names of 54,896 soldiers who died before August 15, 1917, incised into vast panels. Menin Gate Memorial does not list the names of the missing of New Zealand and Newfoundland soldiers who are honoured on separate memorials.
The names of another 34,984 of those who died without graves in the area between August 16, 1917 and the end of the war, are recorded on plaques at the Tyne Cot Memorial to the Missing located just outside the village of Passchendaele which had been liberated by Canadian troops at great human cost. Nearby is the Tyne Cot Cemetery, the largest Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery in the world with nearly 12,000 graves.
Following the Menin Gate Memorial opening in 1927, the citizens of Ypres wanted to express their gratitude towards those who had given their lives for Belgium's freedom. As such, every evening at 8.00, buglers from the local fire brigade close the road which passes under the Memorial and play the Last Post. Except for the occupation by the Germans in World War II when the daily ceremony was conducted at Brookwood Military Cemetery, in Surrey, England, this ceremony has been carried on uninterrupted since Armistice Day, November 11, 1918. On the very evening that Polish forces liberated Ypres in the Second War, the ceremony was resumed at the Menin Gate despite the fact that heavy fighting was still taking place in other parts of the town.
- "They are not missing. They are here."
- — Lord Plumer's address, 1927
MeninGatePhotoAustralianWarMemorial.jpg
External links
- Tom Morgan, "The Menin Gate, Ypres" (http://www.fylde.demon.co.uk/menin.htm), with an excerpt from Lord Plumer's moving dedicatory address
- Siegfried Sassoon On Passing the new Menin Gate (http://www.aftermathww1.com/sassoon3.asp)nl:Menenpoort