Fourth Council of the Lateran
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| Fourth Council of the Lateran | |
| Date | 1215 |
| Accepted by | Catholicism |
| Previous Council | Third Council of the Lateran |
| Next Council | First Council of Lyons |
| Convoked by | Pope Innocent III |
| Presided by | Pope Innocent III |
| Attendance | 71 patriarchs and metropolitans, 412 bishops, 900 abbots and priors |
| Topics of discussion | Crusader States, Investiture Controversy |
| Documents and statements | seventy papal decrees, transubstantiation, papal primacy, conduct of clergy, confession at least once a year, Fifth Crusade |
| chronological list of Ecumenical councils | |
The Fourth Council of the Lateran was summoned by Pope Innocent III with his Bull of April 19, 1213. The assembly took place in November, 1215. It was the 12th ecumenical council and is sometimes called "the General Council of Lateran" due to the attendance by seventy-one patriarchs and metropolitans, four hundred and twelve bishops, and nine hundred abbots and priors.
Innocent III stated his purposes as the defence of the Catholic faith, for the aid to the Crusader States in Palestine, and to establish the liberty of the Church from lay investiture and other lay interference. The pope presented to the council seventy decrees; these were considered along with measures against heretics, and the organisation of the Fifth Crusade.
The council did little more than rubber-stamp the decrees presented to them. The decrees included:
- Exposition of the faith and of the dogma of transubstantiation
- Procedure and penalties against heretics and their protectors
- Proclamation of the papal primacy - After the pope, primacy is attributed to the patriarchial sees in the following order:
- Constantinople (at this time there was a Latin Patriarch)
- Alexandria
- Antioch
- Jerusalem
- Rules on the conduct of the clergy including against irregularities:
- the Omnis utriusque sexus (also called the Easter Duty), which commands every Christian who has reached the years of discretion to confess all their sins at least once a year to their priest
- Jews and Muslims shall wear a special dress to enable them to be distinguished from Christians.
The council also confirmed the elevation of Frederick II to the position of Holy Roman Emperor.
See also
External links
- Canons of the Fourth Lateran Council, 1215 (http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/lateran4.html)de:Viertes Laterankonzil
fr:IVe concile œcuménique du Latran nl:Vierde Lateraans Concilie ru: Двенадцатый вселенский собор