Alpine
skiing
(or
downhill
skiing)
is
a
recreational
activity
and
sport
involving
sliding
down
snow-covered
hills
with
long,
thin
skis
attached
to
each
foot.
Alpine
skiing
evolved
from
cross-country
skiing
when
ski
lift
infrastructure
was
developed
at
mountain
resorts
to
tow
skiiers
back
to
the
top
of
slopes,
thus
making
it
possible
to
repeatedly
enjoy
skiing
down
steep,
long
slopes
that
would
be
otherwise
too
tiring
to
climb
up.
Thus,
the
sport
is
popular
wherever
the
combination
of
snow,
mountain
slopes,
and
a
sufficient
tourist
infrastructure
can
be
built
up,
including
much
of
Europe,
North
America,
and
Japan.
The
main
technical
challenges
faced
by
skiiers
are
simply
how
to
control
the
direction
and
speed
of
their
descent.
Typically,
novice
skiiers
use
a
technique
called
the
"snowplough"
to
turn
and
stop
by
pointing
one
or
both
skis
inward,
but
more
advanced
skiiers
use
more
difficult
but
more
elegant
and
speedier
methods.
As
skiiers
gain
confidence,
they
tackle
steeper,
longer
and
more
uneven
slopes
at
higher
speeds.
Various
alpine
skiing
competitions
have
developed
in
the
history
of
skiing,
and
elite
competitive
skiiers
participate
in
the
annual
World
Cup
series,
as
well
as
the
Winter
Olympic
Games.
Professional
alpine
skiers
compete
on
the
World
Cup
circuit
in
Slalom,
Giant
Slalom,
and
Downhill
races
held
at
various
sites
in
Europe,
the
United
States,
and
Canada.
Points
are
awarded
in
according
to
where
the
participant
finishes
in
each
individual
race.
At
the
end
of
the
season,
the
personal
accumulating
the
most
points
from
all
three
race
venues
is
the
overall
champion.